Clinging abundantly to the branches and trunks in clean-air woodlands, bushy beard lichens are some of Ireland’s most visually striking and beautiful examples of this unique life form.
What are lichens?
Lichens are fascinating organisms that arise from a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and one or more photosynthetic partners, typically an alga or cyanobacteria. The fungus provides structure and protection, while the photosynthetic partner captures sunlight and creates energy for both organisms.
What do beard lichens look like?
Beard lichens belong to the fruticose lichen family, meaning they resemble miniature shrubs or tassels adorning the bark of tree trunks and branches. Their colouring typically falls within a range of pale grey-green, and some species even produce striking disc-like structures called fruit bodies.
Where to find beard lichens
Beard lichens (Usnea species) are quite widespread in Ireland, especially in areas with clean air, and especially in and around Marblehill. Here are some other good places to look for them:
- Ancient woodlands: Look for mature trees in undisturbed woodlands, particularly those on higher ground or away from heavy traffic pollution. Places like Killarney National Park, Connemara National Park, or Burren National Park would be good starting points.
- Western counties: Due to prevailing winds, the western counties of Ireland generally have cleaner air. Counties like Galway, Mayo, Clare, and Kerry might offer a higher chance of spotting beard lichens.
- Wooded hills and mountains: Beard lichens prefer areas with good airflow and some humidity. Hilly or mountainous regions with established woodlands could be promising locations.
- Nature reserves and forest trails: Many nature reserves and designated forest trails are actively managed to protect clean air and native flora. Checking with local authorities or park rangers for areas known for good air quality could lead to beard lichen sightings.
Important things to remember:
- Never remove beard lichens from their natural habitat. They are slow-growing and contribute to the health of the ecosystem, (although sometimes they blow off branches).
- Respect private property. Avoid trespassing on private land in search of beard lichens.
- Be mindful of your surroundings. Some areas might have restrictions on foraging or plant collection.
Here are some additional resources that might be helpful in your search:
- The Irish Lichen Society: irishlichens.ie
- National Parks and Wildlife Service (Ireland): https://www.npws.ie/
With a little planning and exploration, you should be able to find these fascinating lichens gracing the trees of Ireland. Remember, responsible observation is key to enjoying these natural wonders.
